Pediatrics Sample Questions

Which of the following signs of dehydration would a nurse expect to find during the admission assessment of an infant?

A. Sunken eyeballs and irritability.
B. Anuria and hypotension.
C. Fever and bradycardia.
D. Bulging anterior fontanel and dry mucous membranes.

Answer: A. This occurs because of fluid loss. Low blood pressure often results, followed by oliguria. Fever may be present with tachycardia. The mucous membranes may be dry, and the anterior fontanel sunken.

Which of the following children should the nurse recognize as the highest risk for fluid and electrolyte imbalance?

A. Benjamin, a preschooler with leukemia.
B. Mary, a toddler with lead poisoning.
C. David, an infant with acute gastroenteritis.
D. Jenny, a school-age child with multiple trauma.

Answer: C. This child has the greatest percentage of fluid per pound of body weight, and is at highest risk for F&E imbalance. None of the other children have conditions which make them at high risk for F&E imbalance.

TRUE or FALSE. A long term complication for a toddler who has recovered from meningitis is hydrocephalus. TRUE.

Congratulations to the NLE Passers

I would like to congratulate all Entralink students who just recently passed the National Licensure Exam (NLE). More power to you and wish you Godspeed on all your future endeavors.

Colostomy Appliance Care

When emptying a colostomy appliance, the nurse should not:

A. Check for leakage under the appliance every 2 to 4 hours
B. Remove the appliance each time it needs emptying
C. Put a few drops of deodorant in the appliance if not odor-proof
D. Unclamp the bottom of the bag

Answer: B. The appliance needs to be drained into a bedpan not removed.

When changing a colostomy appliance, the nurse should:

A. Attach the appliance in a way that the client is not involved in their own care
B. Make the opening large
C. Put skin prep solution onto the stoma
D. Wash the skin area with soap and water

Answer: D. The appliance should be easily accessible for the client so that they can be involved in their own care. A large opening increases the risk of leakage. Putting skin prep solution onto the stoma will cause irritation.

TRUE OR FALSE

A new surgical stoma will continue to shrink with the healing process, so the colostomy appliance must be measured to fit the stoma properly. TRUE.

Thank You Note

Hello Entralink students!

We had a very successful and productive Intensive Review. I would like to thank everyone for the warm welcome and the hospitality.

I am glad to be back home safely. I had a few snags on my trip back home. First, the flight from Japan to San Francisco was delayed for 2 hours due to maintenance problem. I missed my connecting flight from San Francisco to Little Rock and had to be rerouted to St. Paul, Minneapolis. En route to Little Rock, there was a heavy storm preventing us to land safely so the pilot circled around in Oklahoma for 1 hour to get a more stable landing. I finally made it home past 2AM on Wednesday instead of arriving at 8PM Tuesday night. I am thrilled to be back home.

This morning I can't wait to eat the special purple egg with bagoong. I want to thank those who sent me native delicacies and goodies.

Again thank you. Pls. keep in touch.

True or False

TRUE or FALSE. Following a craniotomy, a client's head should be elevated 45 degrees.

False. Following neurosurgery, an elevation of 30 degrees is the optimum position to reduce ICP, facilitate respiration and aid venous drainage from the brain. Placing the client's head at 45 degrees may increase hip flexion and may contribute to increased ICP.

TRUE or FALSE. The herb milk thistle is used to treat gallstones, liver cirrhosis and psoriasis.

True.

TRUE or FALSE. Otosclerosis is a disease of ear bone degeneration that most commonly develops in later adult life.

False. It most commonly develops during the teen or early adult years.